The World Wide Web was developed by British physicist and computer scientist Timothy Berners-Lee as a project within the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland. Berners-Lee combined several existing ideas into a single system to make it easier for physicists to use data on the Internet. (34)_____, he added multimedia—the ability to include graphics—to the hyperlink concept found in a previous Internet service known as gopher. Berners-Lee had begun working with hypertext in the early 1980s. An early prototype implementation of the Web became operational at CERN in 1989, and the idea quickly (35)_______ to universities in the rest of the world.
Groups at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign researched and extended Web technology. They developed the first browser (36)_______ was used at many sites, named Mosaic, in 1993. To allow the Web to be (37)_______ from a wide variety of computer systems, researchers built multiple versions of Mosaic. (38)_______ version was designed to be used with a specific operating system, the software that controls the computer. Within a year, computer programmer Marc Andreessen had formed a commercial company, Netscape Communications Corporation, to build and sell Web technologies.

Chang is thrilled. He’s going home for the spring festival and he can’t wait to see his family again. The last time he saw his parents and his brother was a year ago.
Chang is a twenty-two-year-old worker in a Chinese shoe factory. He left his parents’ farm two years ago and came to work in the city. At first, he found city life terrifying and he missed his family desperately. But he was earning money for the first time in his life, and it felt wonderful. He wants to help his parents to build a house in his home village.
Life in the Chinese countryside can be hard, so millions of young people leave and go to the cities to look for work. Migrant workers like Chang built the amazing stadium for the Beijing Olympics in 2008. They also pulled down the old buildings in the city and built the enormous modern office and apartment buildings.
Chang starts work at 8.30 A.m. That isn’t so bad - on the farm he started work at 6.30 A.m. But work at the factory finishes at midnight, so he is always exhausted. He sleeps in a freezing room with eleven other men in a building next to the factory.
‘I don’t really want to go back to the countryside,’ says Chang. ‘But I don’t want to stay in the factory either. I’m learning to use a computer because I want a job in an office. I want to have a better life in the future.’

The American Founding Fathers were, as a group, among the most accomplished men in the history of any country. Among them were George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, and John Adams. Another, who ranks as one of the greatest of them, was Thomas Jefferson. Thomas Jefferson was the third president of the United States. He was the founder of the University of Virginia. He was responsible for the Louisiana Purchase, which more than doubled the size of the United States. And, most importantly, he was the author of the Declaration of Independence. It stated that the American colonies were free from English rule.
Born in 1743, Jefferson began receiving a classical education as a young child. He focused on learning languages, including Latin and Greek. He later went on to study at the College of William and Mary, the second-oldest college in America after Harvard. There, Jefferson focused on law, which enabled him to become one of America's most knowledgeable lawyers.
It was Jefferson's study of law that prompted him to become an early supporter of the American independence movement. In the 1760s and 1770s, England began to levy a number of taxes on the American colonists. Most colonists detested the taxes and considered them oppressive. The colonists further disliked the taxes because they had no representation in Parliament, the legislative body in England.
Jefferson was himself an elected member of the House of Burgesses. This was the legislative body of the colony of Virginia. He felt very strongly about the importance of the American colonies being represented in Parliament. Since King George III of England refused to allow that, Jefferson spoke out strongly in favor of independence. He wrote essays in support of independence. Then, in a meeting of the Continental Congress in 1776, Jefferson - along with four other men - was chosen to write a declaration that the colonies were free from English rule. It took him seventeen days to come up with the document that would become known as the Declaration of Independence. Signed on July 4, 1776, it gave freedom to the American colonies and cemented Jefferson's place in history as one of the greatest supporters of the cause of freedom.