Read the following passage about agile working and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40.
AGILE WORKING
The world is undergoing rapid transformation due to advancements in technology, globalisation, and recurring crises, compelling workplaces to continuously adapt to remain competitive. In traditional work environments, an exemplary employee was one who adhered to a strict 9-to-6 schedule, followed directives, and maintained a diligent appearance. However, with the proliferation of smartphones and internet access, many companies now operate with virtual teams across different time zones. Consequently, employees are often required to manage tasks remotely and engage in work outside of conventional hours, shifting the emphasis from merely working hard to working more efficiently [I]
The managerial role has also evolved. [II] Rather than micromanaging, many organisations now implement a project-oriented approach, where managers define objectives and facilitate collaboration. Agile managers play a pivotal role in helping employees adjust to varying responsibilities across projects, fostering a culture of flexibility and teamwork.
In response to these changes, organisations are increasingly adopting agile working practices. [III] According to Unilever, agile working entails "achieving work outcomes with maximum flexibility and minimal restrictions." This approach transcends flexible hours or remote working; it also encompasses designing workspaces that cater to diverse tasks. These may include open spaces for collaborative efforts, standing desks to enhance energy and productivity, quiet areas for deep focus, and social zones for informal interactions. Such environments are specifically tailored to meet the individual needs of employees, liberating them from the constraints of a traditional office setting.
In essence, agile working prioritizes adaptability in all facets of professional life—working hours, locations, technologies, roles, and team dynamics. [IV] This flexibility equips organisations to navigate a rapidly evolving landscape, boosting productivity while fostering a more dynamic workforce. By embracing agility, companies not only enhance performance but also create an environment conducive to innovation and employee well-being, securing their competitive edge in a constantly shifting world.
(Adapted from Agile working - LearnEnglish)
