Exercise 2:

Urbanization: Challenges and Opportunities
Let’s explore what we can do to make urban living more sustainable as cities continue to grow.
Facts and figures:
Rapid urbanization has led to the growth of megacities, bringing both opportunities and challenges. However, a large ___(1)___ of people moving to cities has caused problems such as overcrowding and pressure on infrastructure. Meanwhile, we ___(2)___ large amounts of waste every day, including 30,000 tonnes of plastic and millions of tons of CO2 emissions each year. These contribute to severe air pollution and environmental degradation.
Positive action!
• Promote the use of public transport and cycling. This reduces the need for private cars and helps ___(3)___ pollution.
• Don’t always rely on fossil fuels for energy. ___(4)___ using traditional energy sources, consider renewable options like solar and wind power. This helps reduce the ___(5)___ of greenhouse gases produced.
• Encourage green spaces where possible. Planting trees, building parks, and creating rooftop gardens can improve air quality and improve urban ___(6)___.