Read the following passage about green building practices, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 8.
The green building movement, which began in the 1970s to mitigate environmental harm, is transforming construction methods. Initially, green builders were a minority, and their goals of reducing the environmental impact of buildings were viewed as impractical. However, the movement has gained momentum as builders leverage new technologies.
Green builders utilize recycled materials to minimize waste in landfills. They also aim to lower the energy needs of buildings by incorporating alternative energy sources, such as solar panels, which harness sunlight for electricity with no pollution or ongoing costs once installed. Furthermore, energy efficiency can be improved through better natural lighting and low-energy bulbs. Insulation in walls helps maintain comfortable temperatures, reducing heating and cooling fuel needs.
An exemplary model of this sustainable design is the Genzyme Center in Cambridge, recognized as America’s most environmentally responsible office building. Its design prioritizes both employee well-being and environmental impact reduction, achieving a 75% use of recycled materials and a 43% decrease in energy consumption compared to similar buildings.
Globally, numerous large-scale projects are being developed following green building principles. One significant initiative is in Vauban, Germany, transforming a former military site into energy-efficient homes that require 30% less energy than traditional housing. In China, a project is underway to build homes for 400 families with solar energy and recycled materials, with plans for expansion to neighborhoods across six cities.
The adoption of green building practices, whether on a small or large scale, is expanding. Stakeholders, including individuals, companies, and governments, are recognizing the benefits of green buildings, which not only enhance living and working conditions but also provide long-term cost savings.
(Adapted from Advanced Reading Power" by Beatrice S. Mikulecky and Linda Jeffries)
