Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Mass tourism refers to the phenomenon of large numbers of people visiting popular destinations. This form of tourism has become widespread in recent decades, fueled by affordable travel options and increasing disposable incomes. Cities and natural attractions that were once reserved for the privileged are now accessible to the general public, allowing millions to experience different cultures and landscapes.
One of the most noticeable effects of mass tourism is environmental degradation. Popular destinations, particularly those with fragile ecosystems, suffer from overcrowding, pollution, and the depletion of local resources. Coastal areas, for example, face damage from excessive waste, and heritage sites can suffer from wear and tear due to large crowds. Local communities also feel the strain as infrastructure struggles to keep up with the demands of thousands of visitors.
Economically, mass tourism can bring substantial revenue to destinations, creating jobs and supporting local businesses. Hotels, restaurants, and transport services benefit directly from the influx of visitors. Although the benefits are not always evenly distributed, mass tourism can provide valuable income to some local businesses. In many cases, however, the profits generated from mass tourism are concentrated in the hands of large corporations, leaving local residents with few long-term advantages. Additionally, the seasonal nature of mass tourism means that jobs can be unstable, often disappearing in the off-season.
Mass tourism can be a powerful economic driver, but it presents challenges that need to be carefully managed. Governments, businesses, and travelers must work together to minimize its negative impacts. Sustainable tourism practices, such as limiting visitor numbers and supporting eco- friendly initiatives, are crucial to ensuring that future generations can continue to enjoy the beauty of popular travel destinations.
