Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
Water scarcity is becoming an increasing problem in many parts of the world. The lack of sufficient freshwater resources to meet the demands of a population has led to severe consequences, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. With growing urbanization, agriculture, and industrial development, the demand for water has reached unprecedented levels, placing a strain on available supplies. The problem is exacerbated by climate change, which affects rainfall patterns and causes droughts in areas already vulnerable to water shortages.
In many countries, water scarcity is not just a natural issue but also a result of poor management of resources. Over-extraction of groundwater, pollution, and inefficient irrigation systems contribute to the depletion of water supplies. For instance, in parts of India, large quantities of groundwater are being extracted faster than they can be replenished, resulting in a drastic decline in water levels. Additionally, polluted water sources make it unsafe for consumption, which further limits access to clean water for millions of people.
Water scarcity affects more than just drinking water; it has a significant impact on agriculture, which relies heavily on water for irrigation. The inability to irrigate crops properly can lead to reduced food production, which can increase food prices and result in hunger. Unless countries implement better water management practices, such as improving irrigation efficiency and reducing waste, the situation will continue to worsen, making it harder to feed growing populations.
To tackle the issue of water scarcity, countries and communities must adopt sustainable water management practices. This includes investing in water conservation technologies, improving water storage systems, and addressing water pollution. International cooperation and awareness-raising campaigns are essential to ensure that everyone has access to this vital resource.
