Read the following passage about the future of renewable energy and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30.
As concerns about climate change grow, the search for sustainable energy sources has become more urgent. Renewable energy-such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal power - offers an alternative to fossil fuels, which contribute significantly to global warming. Governments and private companies worldwide are investing in renewable energy technologies, hoping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve energy independence. They view this shift as essential for long-term sustainability and economic stability. However, some argue that these technologies still face challenges in efficiency and large-scale adoption.
One major challenge in adopting renewable energy is its intermittent nature. Unlike fossil fuels, which provide a constant supply of power, renewable sources depend on weather conditions. Solar panels, for instance, generate electricity only when the sun is shining, while wind turbines require sufficient wind speeds. To address this issue, scientists have developed battery storage systems and smart grids that can efficiently manage energy distribution.
The economic implications of transitioning to renewable energy are also substantial. While the initial costs of renewable energy infrastructure can be high, the long-term benefits outweigh the expenses. Solar and wind power have become more affordable due to technological advancements and government incentives, such as subsidies, tax breaks, and financial support programs. Additionally, the renewable energy sector is creating new jobs, from engineering and manufacturing to installation and maintenance.
Despite these advancements, political and economic obstacles remain. Powerful industries, including coal and oil producers, resist shifting away from fossil fuels due to financial interests. In many countries, policies and subsidies continue to favor traditional energy sources, slowing the transition to cleaner alternatives. However, public awareness and international agreements, such as the Paris Climate Accord, are pushing nations toward a greener future.
