PASSAGE 1
The Moringa tree is relatively unknown in the West, despite the fact that it is incredibly useful. [I] It is a relatively small tree that typically grows to between three and ten metres tall. [II] Its flowers are creamy-coloured and have been compared to small orchids. [III] The plant has long and round green pods that can grow to 30 cms and which took a bit like drumsticks, hence the tree's common name. [IV]
The leaves are reputed to have anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties, so are used for eye and ear infections, fevers, etc. They are also held against the forehead to reduce headaches, or made into tea to treat stomach complaints. As they contain a lot of iron they have been used for the treatment of anaemia, a medical condition in which there are too few red cells in the blood, causing tiredness. The plant also contains many other nutrients, such as phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and vitamins A and C.
The ground-up seeds are commonly used to treat certain skin infections, but can be used for much more. Ground seeds can be mixed with salt or oils to apply to the body to treat cramp, back ache and forms of arthritis, a medical condition in which the joints are swollen and painful. The oil, called Ben oil because it contains behenic acid, is also used as a hair treatment or a perfume, and to deter mosquitoes and treat their bites. The byproducts of the oil manufacturing process are used for fertilization and water purification.
The roots work in exactly the same way as the seeds, but are much stronger, so are not used as often. They have additional uses for heart and circulation problems, whereas the gum is sometimes used to treat asthma. The bark has quite a pleasant taste and is sometimes eaten to encourage digestion.
There is not a part of the tree that is not used. The Moringa tree is probably the most beneficial tree in the world.
(Adapted from Get Ready for IELTS: Reading)
