Read the following passage about urban sprawl and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions
[I]. As cities expand, not all growth is carefully planned, leading to what is known as urban sprawl. [II]. In general, urban sprawl is a form of unplanned urban and suburban development that creates low-density environments with high segregation between residential and commercial areas. [III]. This phenomenon often leads to harmful impacts on the residents, including increased strains on transport infrastructure, social segregation, and decreased political participation. [IV]. The post-war era saw a rapid increase in suburban living, contributing to the current extent of urban sprawl in many countries, especially in the United States.
The effects of urban sprawl are far-reaching, impacting the environment, social life, and the economy of cities. Environmentally, urban sprawl increases the need for transportation, leading to higher pollution levels and reducing land available for agriculture. Socially, it limits public spaces, which can lead to social segregation and disengagement from the community. Economically, it causes traffic congestion and a high demand for parking in city centers, which strains urban infrastructure and reduces the land available for other uses. Politically, it segregates communities, making it difficult for them to participate effectively in democratic processes.
To mitigate the negative effects of urban sprawl, several solutions can be implemented. Cities should improve public transportation and reduce the need for private cars, making urban areas more walkable and accessible. Providing more public spaces, such as parks and community centers, can foster a sense of community and reduce social segregation. Additionally, building affordable housing close to city centers can decrease travel time and reduce traffic congestion. These measures can help create more sustainable and integrated urban environments, ensuring long-term social harmony and security.
