Your HomeworkMark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best completes each of the following exchanges.
- Thomas: “Would you mind handing me the book over there?”
- Tom: “______”
- Peter: "The air quality in this city is getting worse and worse".
- Jenny: "______. I can't see anything in the morning because of too much smog."
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 34 to 38.
Trees protect the soil beneath them; thus, tree loss can affect soil integrity. ___(34)___, the rainforest floor, home to myriad plant life as well as insects, worms, reptiles and amphibians, and small mammals, relies on a dense canopy of branches and leaves to keep it healthy and intact. Tree roots also stabilize the soil and help prevent erosion. In exchange a healthy soil encourages root development and microbial activity, ___(35)___ contribute to tree growth and well-being. A major factor in logging-related soil damage comes from road building, with trucks and other heavy equipment compressing the spongy soil, creating furrows where water collects, and disrupting the underground water flow. Eventually, the topsoil wears away, leaving behind a ___(36)___ layer of rocks and hard clay.
Logging can also damage aquatic habitats. Vegetation along rivers and stream banks helps ___(37)___ a steady water flow by blocking the entry of soil and other residue, and trees shade inhibits the growth of algae. Removing trees obliterates these benefits. When eroding soil flows into waterways, the organic matter within it consumes more oxygen, which can lead to oxygen depletion in the water, killing fish and ___(38)___ aquatic wildlife.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 39 to 43
Aimee Fuller was born in England but now lives in the USA. She moved to the east coast of the United States at the age of 12 because she knew she wanted to be a professional snowboarder. It wasn’t possible to train properly in her hometown because it hardly ever snowed. There was a dry ski slope in her town, where she learnt how to ski and snowboard, but there weren’t any mountains with snow to practice the sport.
Aimee quickly found sponsors and a coach when she arrived in the USA, and she is now a successful and well-known snowboarding star. She has done really well in many national competitions and her dream is to win an Olympic gold medal one day.
During her free time, Aimee likes to spend time at home, switch off her phone and laptop and hang out with her friends and family. Aimee spends most of her time practicing on the snow, and trains in the gym four to five times a week. She also goes cycling and running. Aimee says it is very important to keep fit because that helps her stay safe when she is doing snowboarding tricks and jumps. Her advice to people who want to learn how to do jumps, is to start small and only do bigger jumps when they feel ready.
Read the following and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
On a boat near Costa Rica, a team of marine biologists is helping a turtle. The animal is having trouble breathing, and the team discovers why—there is something inside its nose. A scientist tries to extract the object, but the turtle cries in pain. Finally, after eight long minutes, a 10-centimeter plastic straw is pulled out.
The video of the turtle’s rescue has been viewed millions of times on YouTube. It has helped raise awareness of a growing problem: The world’s seas are full of plastic. Since 2000, there has been a huge increase in worldwide plastic production, but we recycle less than one-fifth of it. A lot of this plastic waste ends up in the ocean. Today, scientists think about 8.1 billion kilograms goes into the sea every year from coastal regions. Most of this plastic will never biodegrade.
This ocean plastic hurts millions of sea animals every year. Some fish eat plastic because it is covered with sea plants, and it looks and smells like food. Typically, eating plastic leads to constant hunger. “Imagine you ate lunch and then just felt weak … and hungry all day,” says marine biologist Matthew Savoca. “That would be very confusing.” In some cases, eating sharp pieces of plastic can seriously hurt sea animals and even result in death.
Plastic is useful to people because it is strong and lasts a long time—but this is bad news for sea creatures who eat or get stuck in it. According to Savoca, “Single-use plastics are the worst.” These are items that are used only once before we throw them away. Some common examples include straws, water bottles, and plastic bags. About 700 sea species (including the turtle from the video) have been caught in or have eaten this kind of plastic. Luckily, the turtle survived and was released back into the ocean.
How will plastic affect sea animals in the long term? “I think we’ll know the answers in 5 to 10 years’ time,” says Debra Lee Magadini from Columbia University. But by then, another 25 million tons of plastic will already be in the ocean.