[118] - Đề thi thử tốt nghiệp THPT 2024 - Môn Tiếng Anh - SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO HẢI PHÒNG (LẦN 2)

ADVERTISING
In this day and age, advertising is big business. It puts a lot of effort into effectively ___(23)___ the public about a product or service. Advertisements are introduced through a variety of means. Companies can choose from the print media, television, radio or even huge lit-up billboards ___(24)___ have been put up around our cities and which suggest that we buy this type of ice-cream or that type of trainers. Advertising companies use a(n) ___(25)___ of methods to attract our attention, including stunning photography, eye-catching graphics, jingles or clever comments. What is more, companies may employ famous people like film stars to recommend their products.
___(26)___, many governments have introduced rules and regulations that advertisers must follow. These codes of ___(27)___ ensure that advertisers don't make exaggerated claims or hurt certain groups of people. In some countries, advertisements can be displayed only in specific areas. Furthermore, some countries do not approve of the advertising of certain products, like tobacco, so they don't allow such advertising at all.
(Adapted from Use of English for All Exams)

The fresh data released by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) showed that unemployment rate in the month of October jumped to 8.5 per cent, which is the highest in over three years. A new academic research paper released by the Centre of Sustainable Employment also concluded that there has been a marked decline in total employment in India between 2011-2012 and 2017-2018.
According to the research paper, due to sharp increases in enrollment at every level of education over the noughties, it was expected that post-2012 total employment would increase, particularly in the non-farm sectors. But unfortunately, total employment during 2011-2012 and 2017-2018 declined by 9 million. The research further states that this happened for the first time in India’s history.
It is really ironical to note that when Coimbatore Municipal Corporation posted a vacancy for 549 sanitary workers, what followed was that 7,000 highly qualified applicants, some of whom even with engineering and graduate degrees, applied for the job. The Corporation witnessed the overwhelming turnout of 7,000 candidates. Similarly, an unusual event was witnessed when around 4,600 youths sent their applications for 14 posts like sweepers and sanitary workers. The applicants had professional qualifications like B.Tech, M.Tech, or MBA.
Though the government constantly has been refuting the grimness of the job data, the facts and figures can’t be overlooked any more. Therefore, now the government should take the initiative to overcome the high prevalence of unemployment and figure out the derivers of the job crisis. In this regard, it is worth mentioning a book titled ‘Job crisis in India’ written by business journalist Raghavan Jagnnathan. The author in his book pointed out factors and reasons behind this decline of employment, one of which is the absence of skills required in the highly technical nature of jobs. Another aspect is that in the majority of cases the skills or training acquired by the youths do not match or suit the core demands of the job. Therefore, at first the government must step up for reformation, innovation and renovation of the standard of the education in universities and colleges.
(Source: https://www.thehansindia.com/)

During droughts water is scarce but is it possible to make it rain to provide water. Experiments in cloud seeding suggest that it may be possible to artificially create rainfall.
Rainfall occurs when supercooled droplets of water – those that are still liquid but are at a temperature below the usual freezing point of zero centigrade – form ice crystals. Now too heavy to remain suspended in the air, these then fall, often melting on their way down to form rain.
Even in dry areas the air usually contains some water. This can be made to come together and form ice crystals by seeding the atmosphere with chemicals such as silver iodide or dry ice. They work to promote rainfall by inducing nucleation – what little water is in the air condenses around the newly introduced particles and crystallises to form ice. The ‘seeds’ can be delivered by plane or simply by spraying from the ground.
But does it work? It’s hard to tell for sure. As is often the case with weather and climate, it’s impossible to carry out a controlled experiment – so, in areas of increased precipitation, we can’t know whether it would still have rained even if the clouds hadn’t been seeded.
Success has been claimed for trials in Australia, France, Spain and the US. In the United Arab Emirates, the technique is ascribed to the creation of 52 storms in the Abu Dhabi desert, while China boasts of having used the technology in reverse to keep the Beijing Olympic Games of 2008 dry. Recent research, however, suggests that it’s not as effective as was previously believed.
(Source: http://www.physics.org/)