ĐỀ PHÁT TRIỂN THEO ĐỀ MINH HỌA LẦN 2 (2025) - ĐỀ 50

✨ JOIN US IN MAKING A DIFFERENCE ✨
Do you ever wish you could contribute to your community (1) ______ a meaningful way? Are you looking for an opportunity to give back and (2) ______ a real impact on someone's life? Volunteering is not only a great way to help others but also a powerful contribution to your personal growth. Our charity organization is launching a new initiative, where volunteers can engage with underserved communities in various ways. We believe that helping (3) ______ is an experience that will expand your perspective and equip you with skills (4) ______ valuable in both professional and personal settings. Whether you choose (5) ______ in education, healthcare, or environmental preservation, the goal is simple: make a lasting difference in the lives of others. Join us now if you’re (6) ______. Let’s create a better society together!

Economic Inequality: The Global Crisis
Inequality, both within and between countries, has become one of the most pressing challenges of our time. Economic inequality (7) ______ the disparity in (8) ______ and wealth between individuals, communities, and nations. This inequality has been steadily increasing over the past (9) ______ decades.
Key Issues:
• In many countries, the wealthiest 1% of the population now controls a (10) ______ share of national wealth.
• At the same time, millions of people around the world live in extreme poverty, unable to meet even their basic needs.
Proposed Solutions:
• Governments must implement progressive tax systems to (11) ______ wealth more fairly.
• We must promote equal access to education, healthcare, and job opportunities, particularly for marginalized groups.
The time has come for us to challenge the status quo. Everyone deserves a fair chance to succeed, (12) ______ their background or socio-economic status.

The Future of Urban Living
Urbanization, with cities becoming hubs of innovation, culture, and economic activity, (18) _______. As cities grow, they face challenges such as overcrowding, pollution, and resource scarcity. However, technological advancements and sustainable design principles offer promising solutions for the future of urban living.
Equipped with advanced technologies, (19) _______. By utilizing sensors, data analytics, and artificial intelligence, cities can improve traffic flow, energy efficiency, and public safety. For instance, smart grids can manage energy consumption more effectively, while intelligent transportation systems can reduce congestion and emissions. (20) _______.
Furthermore, the sustainable urban planning principles, (21) _______, are essential for creating livable cities. Green roofs, vertical gardens, and urban farms can help mitigate the urban heat island effect and improve air quality. Additionally, investing in renewable energy sources and sustainable building materials can reduce the environmental impact of urban development.
(22) _______. By embracing technology, sustainable design, and community-oriented approaches, cities can become more livable, resilient, and equitable places for future generations.

1. Tourism has become one of the world's fastest-growing industries, with millions traveling annually to explore new destinations and cultures. However, the rapid expansion of mass tourism is increasingly under scrutiny due to its impact on local communities and the environment. As tourism grows, it raises concerns about sustainability and the long-term effects on the places and people being visited. Tourism has been identified as a significant driver of environmental degradation, cultural erosion, and social inequality in certain regions.
2. One of the key concerns associated with tourism is its environmental impact. As more travelers visit popular destinations, local ecosystems are strained. Deforestation, pollution, and wildlife disruption are some of the consequences of unmanaged tourism. For example, in the Galápagos Islands and Bali, tourism has led to the destruction of fragile ecosystems, overfishing, and coral reef damage. Air travel, in particular, contributes to carbon emissions, it global warming and disproportionately affecting vulnerable regions.
3. In addition to environmental issues, tourism often leads to cultural shifts in local communities. While tourism can bring economic benefits, exacerbating can also result in the commodification of local cultures. Indigenous traditions may be distorted or abandoned to cater to tourist demands. In some communities, sacred rituals are performed as spectacles for entertainment, undermining their authenticity and diminishing the cultural heritage in the eyes of locals.
4. In conclusion, the negative impacts of tourism on the environment and local cultures could be minimized if governments, businesses, and travelers adopt more sustainable practices. Eco-tourism promotes environmentally responsible travel, while "slow tourism" encourages deeper engagement with destinations and focuses on quality over quantity. By embracing these approaches, tourism can become a force for good, fostering both environmental preservation and cultural appreciation for future generations.

1. The forces driving change in organisations can be compared to winds-ranging from mild breezes to powerful gales. [I] During this time, wealth was created within an agriculturally based society influenced by local markets and factors like weather. People could predict life's cycles, which, although often at a subsistence level, were manageable and stable. [II]
2. Stronger winds of change arrived with the Industrial Revolution, marking the shift to the industrial age. This period, which lasted until around 1945, was characterised by technological innovations that reduced the need for agricultural labor and enabled the mass
production of goods. [III] Organisations were structured along mechanistic lines-rigid hierarchies and strong controls-to manage predictable demand and supply. The goal was to produce more and meet the growing demand for manufactured goods.
3. As time passed, organisations faced new challenges. [IV] In the neo-industrial age, consumer preferences became more diverse, and supply began to outstrip demand. Companies sought new markets abroad, and competition intensified. In the West, a transition occurred from a manufacturing-based economy to a service-oriented one, where organisations prioritised enhancing product value instead of merely boosting output levels. This period marked the beginning of what Goodman (1995) refers to as the "value-oriented" time.
4. Today, in the post-industrial age, change is accelerating. The pace of innovation and globalisation is increasing, making the future harder to predict. According to Nadler and Tushman (1999), we are witnessing a profound transformation in organisational strategies, structures, and scope. By 2020, predictions suggested that 25-30% of the workforce would be temporary, and many employees would work from home.
5. Though forecasting the future is uncertain, one thing is clear: organisational change is inevitable and rapid. For instance, Mannermann (1998) sees future studies as part art and part science and notes: 'The future is full of surprises, uncertainty, trends and trend breaks, irrationality and rationality, and it is changing and escaping from our hands as time goes by. It is also the result of actions made by innumerable more or less powerful forces.' What seems certain is that the organisational world is changing at a fast rate - even if the direction of change is not always predictable. Consequently, it is crucial that organisational managers and decision makers have a good grasp of, and are able to analyse the factors which trigger organisational change.
(Adapted from IELTS Practice Test Plus 3)