[222] - Text Completion - Đọc điền theo SBT Tiếng Anh 12 Bright Unit 5, 6 - Chuyên đề ôn thi THPT Tiếng Anh năm 2025

Circle the correct option to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the following numbered blanks from 18 to 22
OUR URBAN HISTORY
The first cities appeared around ten thousand years ago in areas with good farmland near rivers such as in Mesopotamia and Egypt. This is because when people started to grow crops, ___(1)___ instead of moving around to find food. The rivers also allowed them to trade with other communities.
People became attracted to cities because they offered trade, education and work opportunities, but urbanisation is a new thing. Until 250 years ago, 90% of people lived in rural areas. ___(2)___, but other cities have grown. For example, Cairo in Egypt today has a population of 22 million people.
The main reason behind the rapid urbanisation we see today was the Industrial Revolution of the mid-1800s, which started in England and then spread to Europe and America. People started moving from the countryside to the cites to work in the factories, ___(3)___. London went from a population of one million in 1800 to over six million in ten years. Advances in infrastructure, transit, education and entertainment keep ___(4)___. More than half of the world's population lives in urban areas today and experts predict that it will increase to two-thirds by 2050.
The first megacities with populations of more than 10 million people were New York City and Tokyo in the 1950s. There are 33 megacities around the world today. Tokyo is still the biggest with 37.3 million residents, but there are lots of cities with populations of more than 20 million such as Delhi, Shanghai, Dhaka, Sao Paulo and Mexico City. Experts predict ___(5)___.
(Adapted from Bright)

Circle the correct option to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the following numbered blanks from 18 to 22
BIOMASS FUEL AND TIDAL ENERGY
Biomass is material that comes from trees, recycled paper, animal waste, food waste and some crops, such as corn, soy and sugar cane. In other words, most kinds of produce waste ___(6)___.
The biomass is dried and then burnt as biomass fuel to create heat or generate electricity. Biomass fuel is easy to store for use when we need it. However, ___(7)___, a greenhouse gas, so it is not completely environmentally friendly. The good news is that biomass fuel is carbon neutral because it only releases the same amount of carbon into the atmosphere as the plants, the source of biomass fuel, absorb in their life cycle. We can also make biofuel from biomass and ___(8)___.
Biofuel produces fewer emissions than regular petrol. To illustrate, E5 petrol contains 95% of normal petrol and 5% of ethanol, a kind of biofuel; E5 really helps ___(9)___. However, growing crops for biomass fuel uses a lot of land and is only renewable if we replant trees.
Tidal energy involves converting the energy of the waves in large bodies of water such as seas, oceans and lakes into electricity. ___(10)___ by installing large turbines on the seabed or below the sea surface. Similar to hydroelectricity, continuous ocean currents can turn huge turbines and generate electricity. Tidal power doesn't produce any greenhouse gases, and it is a highly efficient form of energy because it can produce electricity continuously at all times of the year. However, tidal power hasn't been popular yet because it requires huge investments, effective management and regular maintenance.
(Adapted from Bright)

Circle the correct option to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the following numbered blanks from 18 to 22
The current global energy crisis is having a terrible effect on many countries around the world. It began in 2021 and is showing no real signs of going away.
The cause of the crisis is the global shortages of oil and gas. These shortages have raised the prices of electricity and forced many families into poverty. The shortages came about because of increased demand after the global pandemic and because of some military conflicts.
During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021, ___(11)___ and production declined. After the pandemic, the energy suppliers failed to meet the renewed demand. After that, some military conflicts caused serious troubles in delivering fossil fuels like oil and gas, which means that lots of people couldn't have access to energy sources for ___(12)___.
The fuel crisis has led to a food crisis affecting millions of people. Energy is needed for food production and as fuel prices increase, ___(13)___. In other words, food prices have gone up around the world and led to a cost-of-living crisis in many countries.
Another negative effect of the energy crisis is that people have gone back to using coal and wood as fuel sources, ___(14)___ and adds to air pollution. This in turn increases the effects of global warming and leads to further climate change.
There is a solution, though. We should consider ___(15)___ rather than from oil and gas. These renewable sources such as solar power, wind power, hydropower, geothermal energy, tidal power and biomass energy are clean and do not cause much pollution. By reducing our reliance on fossil fuels, we can end the energy crisis, cut down on pollution and slow down climate change.
(Adapted from Bright)

Circle the correct option to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the following numbered blanks from 18 to 22
Nowadays, more and more cities are growing into megacities, which has, as a result, a tremendous population growth. ___(16)___.
One of the advantages of population growth is that there is a bigger pool of human capital, which means more creative people may come up with innovative ideas. An additional advantage is that higher economic growth could lead to higher tax revenues and ___(17)___. Moreover, societies with a growing population have greater diversity and offer more cultural activities.
The main drawback of population growth is ___(18)___. Carbon and methane emissions produced by factories and cars potentially contribute to global warming. As the number of city dwellers increases, ___(19)___. A further drawback is road congestion as more vehicles are used. Finally, megacities face the risk of water shortage and drought.
All in all, population growth comes with many benefits for the society, ___(20)___. The advantages of population growth should be developed properly, and its disadvantages should be fully understood in order that we can have a more sustainable future.
(Adapted from Bright)